################# From VBox LiveCD Console ########################## ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ l /dev/sd* /dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sda3 ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ fdisk -l /dev/sda fdisk: cannot open /dev/sda: Permission denied ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo su root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 44.41 GiB, 47689236480 bytes, 93143040 sectors Disk model: VBOX HARDDISK Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000206a2 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 * 4096 40962047 40957952 19.5G 83 Linux /dev/sda2 40962048 49348607 8386560 4G 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 49348608 1953517567 1904168960 908G 83 Linux root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# fdisk /dev/sda Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.40.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea. It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap partitions on this disk. Command (m for help): q root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# sudo swapoff -a root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# fdisk /dev/sda Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.40.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): m Help: DOS (MBR) a toggle a bootable flag b edit nested BSD disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag Generic d delete a partition F list free unpartitioned space l list known partition types n add a new partition p print the partition table t change a partition type v verify the partition table i print information about a partition e resize a partition Misc m print this menu u change display/entry units x extra functionality (experts only) Script I load disk layout from sfdisk script file O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file Save & Exit w write table to disk and exit q quit without saving changes Create a new label g create a new empty GPT partition table G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table o create a new empty MBR (DOS) partition table s create a new empty Sun partition table Command (m for help): e Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3 New {K,M,G,T,P} in bytes or S in sectors (default 908G): 10G Partition 3 has been resized. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 44.41 GiB, 47689236480 bytes, 93143040 sectors Disk model: VBOX HARDDISK Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000206a2 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 * 4096 40962047 40957952 19.5G 83 Linux /dev/sda2 40962048 49348607 8386560 4G 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 49348608 70320127 20971520 10G 83 Linux Command (m for help): F Unpartitioned space /dev/sda: 10.88 GiB, 11686379520 bytes, 22824960 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Start End Sectors Size 2048 4095 2048 1M 70320128 93143039 22822912 10.9G Command (m for help): e Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3 New {K,M,G,T,P} in bytes or S in sectors (default 20.9G): Partition 3 has been resized. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 44.41 GiB, 47689236480 bytes, 93143040 sectors Disk model: VBOX HARDDISK Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000206a2 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 * 4096 40962047 40957952 19.5G 83 Linux /dev/sda2 40962048 49348607 8386560 4G 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 49348608 93143039 43794432 20.9G 83 Linux Command (m for help): F Unpartitioned space /dev/sda: 1 MiB, 1048576 bytes, 2048 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Start End Sectors Size 2048 4095 2048 1M Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# gparted GParted 1.5.0 configuration --enable-libparted-dmraid --enable-online-resize libparted 3.6 root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# e2fsc -f /dev/sda3 Command 'e2fsc' not found, did you mean: command 'e2fsck' from deb e2fsprogs (1.47.1-1ubuntu1) Try: apt install root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# e2fsck -f /dev/sda3 e2fsck 1.47.1 (20-May-2024) Error reading block 118521856 (Invalid argument). Ignore error? yes Force rewrite? yes Superblock has an invalid journal (inode 8). Clear? yes *** journal has been deleted *** Superblock has_journal flag is clear, but a journal is present. Clear? yes The filesystem size (according to the superblock) is 238021120 blocks The physical size of the device is 5474304 blocks Either the superblock or the partition table is likely to be corrupt! Abort? yes Error writing block 118521856 (Invalid argument). Ignore error? yes /dev/sda3: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# sudo mkfs.ext4 --help mkfs.ext4: invalid option -- '-' Usage: mkfs.ext4 [-c|-l filename] [-b block-size] [-C cluster-size] [-i bytes-per-inode] [-I inode-size] [-J journal-options] [-G flex-group-size] [-N number-of-inodes] [-d root-directory|tarball] [-m reserved-blocks-percentage] [-o creator-os] [-g blocks-per-group] [-L volume-label] [-M last-mounted-directory] [-O feature[,...]] [-r fs-revision] [-E extended-option[,...]] [-t fs-type] [-T usage-type ] [-U UUID] [-e errors_behavior][-z undo_file] [-jnqvDFSV] device [blocks-count] root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# sudo mkfs.ext4 -b 4096 -I 256 -e continue -U 'e4b0433a-505d-4dbe-9ddd-3782970495ef' -t 'ext4' /dev/sda3 mke2fs 1.47.1 (20-May-2024) /dev/sda3 contains a ext4 file system last mounted on /var/vmail on Wed Aug 29 10:03:22 2018 Proceed anyway? (y,N) y Creating filesystem with 5474304 4k blocks and 1370880 inodes Filesystem UUID: e4b0433a-505d-4dbe-9ddd-3782970495ef Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done root@troll-VirtualBox:/pcwroot# mount --rbind /dev /pcwroot/dev root@troll-VirtualBox:/pcwroot# mount -v --rbind /proc /pcwroot/proc mount: /proc bound on /pcwroot/proc. root@troll-VirtualBox:/pcwroot# mount -v --rbind /sys /pcwroot/sys mount: /sys bound on /pcwroot/sys. root@troll-VirtualBox:/pcwroot# chroot /pcwroot root@troll-VirtualBox:/# update-grub Generating grub configuration file ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-161-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-161-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-157-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-157-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-108-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-108-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-95-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-95-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-57-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-57-generic No volume groups found done root@troll-VirtualBox:/# ############## Executed from the root terminal of the server itself when booted ############ root@servntt ~ # mkfs.ext4 -b 4096 -I 256 -U 'e4b0433a-505d-4dbe-9ddd-3782970495ef' -t 'ext4' /dev/sda3 [kimsufi][07:26 15/12] mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 1370880 inodes, 5474304 blocks 273715 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 168 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8160 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done ################################### root@troll-VirtualBox:/home/troll/.ssh# rsync -v -vz --progress --stats -e 'ssh -i /home/troll/.ssh/id_rsa -p 6060' /pcw/sda-25gb-plus-20gb.vmdk root@91.121.198.41:/home/backups/ opening connection using: ssh -i /home/troll/.ssh/id_rsa -p 6060 -l root 91.121.198.41 rsync --server -vvze.LsfxCIvu --stats . /home/backups/ (14 args) root@91.121.198.41's password: delta-transmission enabled sda-25gb-plus-20gb.vmdk 45,270,433,792 100% 5.52MB/s 2:10:15 (xfr#1, to-chk=0/1) total: matches=0 hash_hits=0 false_alarms=0 data=45270433792 rsync[8051] (sender) heap statistics: arena: 729088 (bytes from sbrk) ordblks: 1 (chunks not in use) smblks: 0 (free fastbin blocks) hblks: 2 (chunks from mmap) hblkhd: 532480 (bytes from mmap) allmem: 1261568 (bytes from sbrk + mmap) usmblks: 0 (always 0) fsmblks: 0 (bytes in freed fastbin blocks) uordblks: 626752 (bytes used) fordblks: 102336 (bytes free) keepcost: 102336 (bytes in releasable chunk) rsync[30141] (server receiver) heap statistics: arena: 270336 (bytes from sbrk) ordblks: 2 (chunks not in use) smblks: 0 hblks: 3 (chunks from mmap) hblkhd: 798720 (bytes from mmap) allmem: 1069056 (bytes from sbrk + mmap) usmblks: 0 fsmblks: 0 uordblks: 225712 (bytes used) fordblks: 44624 (bytes free) keepcost: 44576 (bytes in releasable chunk) rsync[30140] (server generator) heap statistics: arena: 270336 (bytes from sbrk) ordblks: 2 (chunks not in use) smblks: 1 hblks: 2 (chunks from mmap) hblkhd: 532480 (bytes from mmap) allmem: 802816 (bytes from sbrk + mmap) usmblks: 0 fsmblks: 64 uordblks: 136528 (bytes used) fordblks: 133808 (bytes free) keepcost: 133696 (bytes in releasable chunk) Number of files: 1 (reg: 1) Number of created files: 1 (reg: 1) Number of deleted files: 0 Number of regular files transferred: 1 Total file size: 45,270,433,792 bytes Total transferred file size: 45,270,433,792 bytes Literal data: 45,270,433,792 bytes Matched data: 0 bytes File list size: 0 File list generation time: 0.001 seconds File list transfer time: 0.000 seconds Total bytes sent: 21,470,073,742 Total bytes received: 66 sent 21,470,073,742 bytes received 66 bytes 2,733,822.35 bytes/sec total size is 45,270,433,792 speedup is 2.11 root@troll-VirtualBox:/home/troll/.ssh# ################# Other Notes ###################### sudo mkfs.ext4 -b 4096 -I 256 -e continue -U 'e4b0433a-505d-4dbe-9ddd-3782970495ef' -t 'ext4' root@servntt /home/backups # blkid /dev/sda3 [kimsufi][03:01 15/12] /dev/sda3: UUID="e4b0433a-505d-4dbe-9ddd-3782970495ef" TYPE="ext4" root@servntt /home/backups # blkid /dev/sda2 [kimsufi][03:01 15/12] /dev/sda2: LABEL="swap-sda2" UUID="89f77484-6e02-46b5-bf12-8087fbb05802" TYPE="swap" root@servntt /home/backups # blkid /dev/sda1 [kimsufi][03:05 15/12] /dev/sda1: UUID="5de92efd-efc9-46f3-a772-757ae6c274d6" TYPE="ext4" root@servntt /home/backups # cat /etc/fstab [kimsufi][03:05 15/12] # /dev/sda1 / ext4 errors=remount-ro,relatime 0 1 /dev/sda2 swap swap defaults 0 0 /dev/sda3 /home ext4 defaults,relatime 1 2 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 devtmpfs /dev devtmpfs rw 0 0 # Redirecting /var/www/ to /home/ispconfig/www for disk storage management! /home/ispconfig/www /var/www none bind 0 0 # Redirecting /var/backup to /home/backups for disk storage management! /home/backups /var/backup none bind 0 0 /home/moved_for_space_constraints/vmail /var/vmail none bind 0 0 /var/log/ispconfig/httpd/justine.tk /var/www/clients/client6/web36/log none bind,nobootwait,_netdev 0 0 root@servntt /home/backups #